PENGURUSAN ISTIHADAH MENURUT FIQH ISLAM DAN PERUBATAN

Abstract

Istihadah adalah darah yang keluar dari faraj wanita bukan pada tempoh masa haid dan nifas. Manakala dari segi perubatan Istihadah merupakan salah satu permasalahan haid bagi wanita yang dinamakan sebagai Menorrhagia. Menorrhagia merupakan satu keadaan berlaku apabila pengeluaran darah haid terlalu banyak dari kebiasaan.  Bagi wanita yang mengalami istihadah terdapat banyak kemungkinan yang menjadi penyebab berlakunya darah istihadah ini. Bahkan ia mungkin melibatkan permasalahan kesihatan seperti keadaan hormon yang tidak seimbang atau penyakit lain seperti ketumbuhan dan kanser. Apabila keluar darah secara tidak normal dari faraj wanita maka ianya memberi kesan terhadap hukum-hukum ibadah. Darah-darah yang keluar berterusan juga perlu diubati kerana ia boleh menjejaskan kesihatan. Oleh itu, objektif artikel ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengurusan istihadah terhadap wanita sama ada menurut pandangan Fiqh Islam dan perubatan. Kajian ini merujuk kepada penulisan sarjana Islam silam dan kontemporari serta sains perubatan. Bagi hukum-hukum istihadah fokus penulisan memberi keutamaan kepada pandangan Mazhab Syafie. Implikasi kajian ini memutuskan bahawa pengurusan Istihadah sangat penting terhadap wanita. Hal ini kerana pengurusan Istihadah melibatkan perkara-perkara terdapat implikasi yang begitu banyak di dalam hukum hakam seperti bersuci, solat, membaca al-Quran, dan sebagainya. Justeru, kajian ini meyakini bahawa dengan pengurusan Istihadah yang menggabungkan di antara Fiqh Islam dan perubatan boleh membantu wanita menguruskan permasalahan Istihadah dengan lebih sistematik tanpa mengabaikan hukum-hukum yang telah ditetapkan oleh Syarak.

Kata kunci : Pengurusan Istihadah; Fiqh Islam; Perubatan.

Istihadah is the blood discharged from the vagina of women not during their menstrual periods nor nifas. In the medical terms, istihadah is actually one of the problems of menstruation for women called Menorrhagia –  a condition occurs when there is an overflow of menstrual blood production .  For women who suffer from istihadah, there are many possibilities that causes the occurrence of this problem including health problems such as hormone imbalance or other diseases; namely tumor and cancer. When there is an excess abnormality of blood discharged from a woman’s vagina outside of their menstrual and nifas period, this will thus affect the practice of the Islamic religious law and some medical treatments are needed immediately as it also concerns with one’s health. Therefore, the objective of this article is to analyse women’s general management of istihadah whether it is in accordance with the views of both Islamic jurisprudence and medical. In this study, references are made to the writing of ancient and contemporary Islamic scholars as well as from the point of view of medical science. As for the ordinance of istihadah, the targeted referral writing would be of priority to the views of Mazhab Syafie. The aim of this study is largely decided on the fact that Istihadah management is very important for women. This is because the management of istihadah involves such trivial matters which contribute to big implications in the Islamic law practices such as purity, prayers, Quran recital and so on. For women who suffer from istihadah, it is therefore advisable to refer to a specialist for further analysis of the cause of the consistent overflowing occurrence. This study strongly believes that the management of istihadah aligned with the Islamic jurisprudence and combined with the medical help from the doctor can help women to manage their istihadah issues more systematically and thoroughly.

Keywords: Istihadah management; Islamic jurisprudence; Medical