THE ERRORS OF USING AL-ḌAMĪR AL-MUTTAṢIL IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SUBJECT AND PREDICATE IN THE ARABIC LANGUAGE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37231/apj.2024.7.2.534Abstract
Abstract: This study investigates the types of errors made by students in using al-ḍamīr al-muttaṣil (attached pronouns) when constructing subject and predicate sentences in Arabic. Employing a qualitative research design, the study used purposive sampling to select a sample of 15 students enrolled in the Introductory Arabic III course at UiTM Cawangan Perlis. Data were collected from students' written test responses, focusing on errors in the use of al-ḍamīr al-muttaṣil, and analyzed using three approaches: identifying deviations from Arabic grammatical rules, describing the nature of the errors, and explaining their underlying causes. The findings highlighted students’ errors such as using ḍamā'ir raf 'munfaṣilat in the position of ḍamā'ir jar muttaṣilat and ḍamā'ir naṣb muttaṣilat, the wrong usage of ḍamīr according to the gender mudhakkar and mu'annath, the improper use of ḍamīr, wrong usage of ḍamīr and its verb and the addition of unnecessary words in the sentences. These errors were attributed to students' challenges in mastering pronoun usage, the inherent difficulty of Arabic as a target language, the overgeneralization of grammatical rules, and the influence of their native language. The findings of this study will contribute to the pedagogy of Arabic grammar so that teaching methods and training on ḍamīr can be improved by focusing on the examples of errors mentioned.
Keywords: Errors; al-ḍamīr al-muttaṣil; subject and predicate; Arabic language
References
Abdullah, N. (2010). Pengajaran bahasa Arab himpunan pedoman buat guru dan bakal guru. Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Al-Ghalayini, M. (1996). Jami’ al-durus al-Arabiyyah. Maktabah al-Asriyyah.
Azmi, Z., & Azmi, Z. (2013). Enrich : Way forward to better english. One Stop Magazine Agency.
Brown, H.D. (1994). Principle of language learning and teaching. Prentice Hall Regents.
Chye, W. C., & Subramaniam, V. (2012). Analisis kesilapan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Melayu oleh pelajar asing, GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 12(2), 667-692.
Corder, S.P. (1981). Error analysis and interlanguage (1st ed.). Oxford University Press.
Crystal, D. (1995). The Cambridge encyclopedia of the English language. Universiti of Cambridge.
Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford University Press.
Fakhir, A. A. M. (1996). Taudhih al-nahwu (Juzuk pertama). Jami’ah al-Azhar.
Fauzi, M. S. H. M., Pisol, M. I. M., Maromar, F., Ismail, M. R., & Ghazali, A. R. (2020). Permasalahan pembelajaran kemahiran bertutur bahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar bukan penutur jati : Satu kajian di Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Selangor. Seminar Antarabangsa Isu-Isu Pendidikan (ISPEN 2020), 102.
Hamid, M. M. A. (1996). Awdah al-masalik ila alfiyah Ibnu Malik (Juzuk Pertama). al-Maktabah al-Asriyyah li al-Tiba’ah wa al Nashr.
Ismail@Yaakub, A., Mat, A. C., & Pa, M. T. (2012). Membina kemahiran pertuturan menerusi aktiviti lakonan dalam pengajaran bahasa Arab. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 12(1), 325–337.
Ismail, M. R., Ghazali, A. R., Latif, K. A. A., & Sokri, N. E. A. (2014). Analisis kesalahan nahu bahasa Arab dalam karangan pelajar kursus pengukuhan bahasa Arab. International Research Management and Innovation Conference 2014 Kuala Lumpur (IRMIC2014), 2014 (November), 295.
Ismail, U. S., Atoh, N., & Awang, A. B. (2018). Urutan pemerolehan al-ḍamīr dalam ayat nominatif bahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar institusi pengajian tinggi. E-Academia Journal, 7(2), 92–105.
Ismail, U. S., Atoh, N., Chulan, M., Awang, A. B., & Hamid, A. T. (2020). Developing the framework model in teaching and learning al-damir based on the sequence of students’ acquisition in arabic language curriculum. In Naginder Kaur & Mahyudin Ahmad (Eds.), Charting a Sustainable Future of ASEAN in Business and Social Sciences (1–10). Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.2020.
Kasiran, S. B., & Rosly, N. J. (2011). Analisis kesalahan tatabahasa bahasa Melayu dalam karangan pelajar asing di sebuah institut pengajian tinggi awam. 2nd International Language Conference 2011, 57, 1–29.
Khalifah, S. M. (1980). Dirasat fi al-nahwi (2nd Ed.). Jami’ah al-Azhar.
Khansir, A. A. (2012). Error analysis and second language acquisition. Theory and practice in language studies, 2(5), 1027–1032.
Mezah, C. R. (2009). Kesilapan leksikal dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab (Cetakan pertama). Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Mokhtar, W. R. W., Rahman, M. Z. A., Adnan, M. A. M., & Salleh, N. H. M. (2018). Kemampuan pelajar asasi universiti awam Malaysia mengaplikasikan tatabahasa Arab dalam kemahiran menulis. Al-Basirah, 8(2), 99–111.
Mokhtar, W. R. W., Rahman, M. Z . A., Adnan, M. A. M., & Salleh, N. H. M. (2017). Penguasaan tatabahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar asasi universiti awam Malaysia. Al-Basirah Jurnal, 7(2), 23–41.
Mujibbudin, M. (2008). Studi analisis kontrastif isim domir dalam bahasa Arab dan kata ganti dalam bahasa Indonesia. Tesis Ijazah Sarjana. Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. Indonesia
Nada, A. (2003). An analysis of errors in Arabic speakers’ English writings. http://abisamra03.tripod.com/nada/languageacq-erroranalysis.html
Nasir, Z. M. (2017). Kesalahan tatabahasa bahasa Melayu dalam penulisan karangan pelajar. LPS International Journal, 4(1), 23–35.
Nasution, A. A. (1998). الضمائر في اللغة العربية وطريقة تدريسها لغير الناطقين بها في المستوى المتوسط. Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia.
Nor, A. K. M., Sabran, R., Ismail, N., Othman, M. Z., & Ibrahim, T. (2012). Tatabahasa asas. Percetakan Salam Sdn Bhd.
Ni’mah, F. (1973). Mulakhas qawaid al-lughat al-’Arabiyyat (Edisi kedua). al-Maktab al-’Ilmi li al-Ta’lif Wa Al Tarjamat.
Richards, J.C. (1974). Error analysis perspectives on second language acquisition. Longman Group Limited.
Sokri, N. E.A., & Ismail, M. R. (2017). Analisis kesalahan nahu (sintaksis) bahasa Arab dalam karangan pelajar pengajian tahun asas bahasa Arab Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Selangor. National Pre University Seminar, 1, 252.
Sopian, A. (2019). Kemahiran menulis bahasa Arab: Analisa kelemahan pelajar UITM Melaka. International Journal of Humanities, Philosophy and Language, 2(7), 58–65.
Zaini, A. R., Zakaria, N., Hamdan, H., Ghazali, M. R., & Ismail, M. R. (2019). Pengajaran bahasa Arab di Malaysia : Permasalahan dan cabaran. Jurnal Pengajian Islam, 12(1), 47–57.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to transfer copyright. This transfer will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information. A notification will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript. If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article.
