PENDEKATAN PENEGUHAN BAGI AKTIVITI HAFALAN AL-QURAN DALAM KALANGAN PELAJAR DI PERINGKAT MENENGAH RENDAH
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Memorization is one of the mental functions generated by neuronal activities of the human central nervous system. Memorization activity involves the learning process after receiving external stimulation, such as information about something new, followed by the formation of memory, and its retention in the brain. This memory can then be accessed to be used, such as to recite al-Quran verses without visual or auditory aid. Through observation of performance or behavior of concerned individuals, it is found that external factors, like reinforcements in the form of reward (either positive reward or negative reward) and/or punishment are expected to have effects on efficiency of memory. This article discussed the changes to a specific behavior after being reinforced through targhib, tsawab, tarhib and ‘uqubah approaches, as stated in the Islamic perspective and also practiced in the sample school, which is a religious secondary school in Terengganu. Discussed results from the study are the implementation of the common reinforcement practice involving reward (either positive reward or negative reward) and/or punishment in al-Quran memorization process in the school. The qualitative research method employed involved structured interviews as the main data source. A total of six (6) teachers and ten (10) students in lower secondary level were interviewed. It was discovered that activities that were commonly practiced as reinforcement to improve al-Quran memorization performance by students in the school included all positive reward, negative reward and punishment provision. Good practices and effective approaches based on reinforcement concept and/or punishment in the learning process as identified in this study are shared with education practioners for general improvement of the education system in Malaysia.
Keyword: Reinforcement; Memorization; Punishment; Positive Reward; Negative Reward
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