Instrumen Hibah dalam Sistem Kewangan Islam: Pemerhatian terhadap Aplikasi Hibah di Institusi Tabung Haji
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2021.22.2.576Abstract
Hibah instrument is an instrument that adopts the concept of tabaru'at where in the context of muamalat is the concept of giving without expecting a return which involves only one party giving and the other party receiving without conditions and rewards. Therefore, there are people who are confused and think that hibah, gifts, sadaqah and al-ata' have the same meaning while from the point of view of the trend of thinking fuqaha is different. Therefore, the problem of the study that will be highlighted in this research is to understand more deeply the application of hibah instruments used in the Islamic Financial System where the observation is focused on Tabung Haji Institutions. This study provides further explanation on the process of application and distribution of hibah carried out by Tabung Haji Institutions so that the community is clearer about the application of hibah principles carried out between depositors and Tabung Haji Institutions themselves. This research uses library research methods from secondary data namely books, turath books and journals from various electronic and non-electronic mediums. The result of the study obtained that the process of implementing the contract used by Tabung Haji with the depositor is the contract of Wadi'ah Yad Dhamanah which means money loan contract. Therefore, the gift and the amount must be given voluntarily and voluntarily by the gift giver to avoid the element of usury.
Instrumen Hibah adalah instrumen yang mengamalkan konsep tabaru’at di mana dalam konteks muamalat ialah konsep pemberian tanpa mengharapkan balasan yang mana ia melibatkan satu pihak sahaja yang memberi dan satu pihak lagi menerima tanpa syarat dan balasan. Lantaran tersebut, terdapat masyarakat yang keliru dan menganggap bahawa hibah, hadiah, sedeqah dan al-ata’ mempunyai maksud yang sama sedangkan dari sudut trend pemikiran fuqaha adalah berbeza. Oleh itu, permasalahan kajian yang akan diketengahkan dalam penyelidikan ini adalah memahami lebih mendalam aplikasi instrumen hibah yang digunapakai dalam Sistem Kewangan Islam yang mana pemerhatian tersebut difokuskan kepada Institusi Tabung Haji. Kajian ini memberi penjelasan dengan lebih lanjut berkenaan proses pemakaian dan pembahagian hibah yang dijalankan oleh Intitusi Tabung Haji agar masyarakat lebih jelas berkenaan pemakaian prinsip hibah yang dijalankan antara pendeposit dan Institusi Tabung Haji itu sendiri. Penyelidikan ini menggunakan kaedah kajian perpustakaan daripada data sekunder iaitu buku, kitab turath dan jurnal dari pelbagai medium elektronik dan bukan elektronik. Hasil kajian yang diperolehi bahawa proses perlaksanaan kontrak yang digunapakai oleh Tabung Haji dengan pendeposit adalah kontrak Wadi’ah Yad Dhamanah yang bererti kontrak pinjaman wang. Maka dengan itu hadiah dan jumlahnya mestilah diberi secara tanpa paksa dan sukarela oleh pemberi hadiah bagi mengelakkan elemen riba.
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