Analisis Holistik Terhadap Konsep Makanan Halālan Ṭayyiban: Kewajipan Syariah bagi Muslim dan Relevansi Kepada Bukan Muslim
A Holistic Analysis of the Concept of Halālan Ṭayyiban Food: A Sharīʿah Obligation for Muslims and Its Relevance to Non-Muslims
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2025.26.1.900Keywords:
Makanan halal, Halālan Tayyiban, Patuh syariah, Keselamatan makananAbstract
Kefahaman masyarakat terhadap konsep Halālan Ṭayyiban ke atas sesuatu makanan masih terbatas dan cenderung memisahkan antara unsur halal dan ṭayyib. Penekanan yang berlebihan terhadap aspek hukum halal sahaja menyebabkan dimensi kualiti, kebersihan, keselamatan dan etika pemakanan terabai, sekali gus menjejaskan amalan pemakanan Islam yang seimbang dan menyeluruh. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memperluas serta memperdalam kefahaman terhadap konsep Halālan Ṭayyiban dan hubungannya dengan amalan pemakanan sihat dan beretika menurut Islam. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui analisis dokumen seperti fatwa, garis panduan halal dan dokumen rasmi agensi berkaitan. Data sekunder pula merangkumi kitab tafsir, hadith, karya klasik dan kontemporari, jurnal akademik serta penerbitan institusi. Kesemua data dianalisis secara tematik menggunakan pendekatan induktif bagi membina kerangka konseptual yang sistematik dan mudah difahami. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa konsep Halālan Ṭayyiban merupakan suatu gagasan syariah yang menyeluruh, holistik dan humanistik. Ia bukan sahaja menjamin manfaat kepada pengguna Muslim, bahkan bersifat inklusif dan boleh diaplikasikan secara universal. Konsep ini turut memperlihatkan keagungan Allah SWT sebagai Tuhan yang Maha Pencipta, Maha Pemurah dan Maha Penyayang terhadap seluruh manusia dan alam ciptaan-Nya.
Public understanding of the Halālan Ṭayyiban concept remains limited and tends to separate the elements of ḥalāl and ṭayyib. Excessive emphasis on ḥalāl legal rulings alone has led to the neglect of quality, hygiene, food safety and ethical consumption, thereby undermining a balanced and holistic Islamic dietary practice. This study aims to expand and deepen the understanding of Halālan Ṭayyiban and its relationship with healthy and ethical eating practices in Islam. A qualitative approach was employed through the collection of both primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through document analysis of fatwas, halal guidelines and official publications issued by relevant agencies. Secondary data included classical and contemporary works in tafsir, hadith, scholarly texts, academic journals and institutional publications. All data were analysed thematically using an inductive approach to develop a systematic and accessible conceptual framework. Findings indicate that Halālan Ṭayyiban represents a comprehensive, holistic and humanistic Shariah-based paradigm. It not only ensures benefits and protection for Muslim consumers but is also inclusive and universally applicable. The concept further reflects the greatness of Allah SWT as the Creator, the Most Merciful and the Most Compassionate towards all of humanity and His creation.
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