Analisis kaedah pendalilan hukum terhadap fatwa orang Islam menyambut perayaan Valentine’s Day di Jabatan Mufti Sarawak
Analysis of legal methods of determining the fatwa on Muslims celebrating Valentine's Day at the Mufti Department of Sarawak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2025.26.2.932Keywords:
Kaedah Pendalilan, Hukum, Fatwa, Valentine’s Day, Lafziyyah, Jabatan Mufti Sarawak, Argumentative Method, Law, Mufti Department of SarawakAbstract
Fatwa mengenai hukum umat Islam menyambut perayaan Valentine’s Day adalah salah satu fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh Jabatan Mufti Sarawak pada 11 Ogos 2008. Setiap hukum yang diputuskan perlu melalui kaedah pendalilan dan proses istinbat yang teliti sebelum dimuktamadkan jenis hukumnya. Sebahagian besar kajian yang dilakukan mengenai isu penfatwaan dan perayaan seperti Valentine’s Day tertumpu kepada fatwa di peringkat kebangsaan dan negeri-negeri di Malaysia. Namun, kajian khusus terhadap fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh Jabatan Mufti Sarawak masih terhad, dan ini menimbulkan jurang pengetahuan dalam bidang fekah kontemporari di Malaysia Timur. Justeru, kajian ini dijalankan bagi meneliti kaedah pendalilan yang diaplikasikan dalam penentuan fatwa tersebut. Dua objektif utama kajian ditetapkan, iaitu untuk mengenal pasti dan menganalisis kaedah pendalilan hukum yang digunakan dalam fatwa tersebut. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kualitatif asas dengan kaedah pengumpulan data melalui kajian dokumen, manakala data dianalisis menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa fatwa hukum umat Islam menyambut perayaan Valentine’s Day ditentukan melalui kaedah lafziyyat, iaitu kaifiyyat dilalat al-lafz ‘ala al-ma’na yang merangkumi empat pendekatan utama: ‘ibarat nas, isyarat nas, dilalat nas dan iqtida’ nas. Kajian ini merumuskan bahawa pendekatan ini memperlihatkan keprihatinan institusi fatwa dalam menjaga kemurnian akidah dan akhlak umat Islam, khususnya dalam mengekang pengaruh budaya luar yang boleh merosakkan nilai-nilai syariah.
The fatwa regarding the permissibility of Muslims celebrating Valentine's Day was issued by the Mufti Department of Sarawak on 11 August 2008. Each ruling that is decided must go through a thorough method of reasoning and istinbat process before finalization. Most research on fatwas and celebrations like Valentine's Day focuses on fatwas at the national and state levels in Malaysia. However, specific studies focusing on the fatwas issued by the Sarawak Mufti Department remain limited, and this creates a knowledge gap in the field of contemporary fekah in East Malaysia. Therefore, this study aims to examine the method of reasoning applied in determining the fatwa. Two main objectives were established: to identify and analyze the method of legal reasoning used in the fatwa. This study used a basic qualitative research design with data collection methods through document review, while the data was analyzed using content analysis methods. The findings revealed that the legal fatwa of Muslims celebrating Valentine's Day was determined through the method of lafziyyat, namely kaifiyyat dilalat al-lafz 'ala al-ma'na which includes four main approaches: ‘ibarat nas, isyarat nas, dilalat nas dan iqtida’ nas. This study concluded that this approach shows the concern of the fatwa institution in maintaining the purity of the aqidah and morals of Muslims, especially in curbing the influence of external cultures that can damage shariah values.
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