Analisis Matlamat Pembangunan Mapan ke-5 bagi Domain Kesaksamaan Gender berdasarkan Maqasid al-Syariah
An Analysis of Sustainable Development Goal 5 (SDG 5) on Gender Equality through the Lens of Maqasid al-Shariah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2025.26.3.978Keywords:
Matlamat Pembangunan Mapan; kesaksamaan gender; maqasid al-syariahAbstract
Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis domain kesaksamaan gender dalam Matlamat Pembangunan Mapan (MPM) -5 berdasarkan maqasid al-syariah. Oleh itu, artikel ini mempunyai dua objektif utama. Pertama, menjelaskan konsep gender di dalam Islam dan barat. Kedua, menganalisis kelompangan sedia ada dalam MPM-5 yang tidak menepati maqasid al-Syariah. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui berasaskan dokumentasi digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data berkaitan konsep gender menurut Islam dan berkaitan MPM-5. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa Islam berpandangan dan mengiktiraf lelaki dan perempuan sahaja sebagai gender manusia. Manakala, barat pula berpandangan gender adalah binaan masyarakat yang ditentukan oleh manusia dan boleh berubah-ubah berdasarkan situasi. Selain itu juga, kajian mendapati bahawa terdapat kelompangan MPM-5 yang sedia ada adalah MPM-5 ini mengiktiraf secara tidak langsung golongan transgender atau transeksual kerana MPM-5 merangkumi jantina yang telah diubah. Selain itu juga, MPM-5 didapati tidak selari dengan maqasid al-syariah. Sumbangan utama kajian ini adalah kajian ini mencadangkan pemurnian bagi MPM-5 kesaksamaan gender kepada istilah keadilan gender kepada negara Islam dan pelaksanaan MPM-5 berdasarkan maqasid al-syariah.
This article aims to analyse the domain of gender equality in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)-5 from the perspective of maqasid al-syariah. Accordingly, the article pursues two main objectives. First, it explains the concept of gender in Islam and in the Western tradition. Second, it analyses the existing gaps within SDG-5 that are inconsistent with maqasid al-syariah. This study adopts a qualitative approach based on document analysis to collect data related to the concept of gender in Islam and the framework of SDG-5. The collected data are analysed using content analysis methods. The findings indicate that Islam recognises only male and female as the categories of human gender. In contrast, the Western perspective conceptualises gender as a social construct determined by human agency and subject to change according to context. Furthermore, the study finds that existing gaps in SDG-5 include its implicit recognition of transgender or transsexual individuals, as SDG-5 encompasses genders that have been altered. In addition, SDG-5 is found to be misaligned with the objectives of maqasid al-syariah. The primary contribution of this study lies in its proposal to refine the SDG-5 gender equality framework for Muslim countries by shifting from the notion of gender equality to gender justice and by implementing SDG-5 in accordance with maqasid al-syariah.
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