The Journal of Management Theory and Practice (JMTP)

Relationship Between Effective Leadership and Staff Performance in Nigerian Public Service:

2023-07-28T11:20:15+00:00

The numerous issues plaguing Nigeria's public sector are mainly attributable to a lack of strong leadership that may serve as a model for accelerating organisational growth and expansion through enhanced employee performance. Administrators in charge of organisations must inspire their staff to provide work that meets or exceeds corporate objectives. To accomplish the goals and objectives of the organisation, leaders may use democratic, autocratic, or laissez-faire leadership styles, depending on the circumstances. Therefore, the article seeks to ascertain the relationship between effective leadership and employee performance in Nigerian public organisations. Data are generated from secondary sources and analysed thematically. The study discovered that for Nigeria's public service to overcome the challenges of leadership in the country's public bureaucracy, those entrusted with the burden of leadership must fully comprehend their responsibilities, duties and obligations. Also, findings reveal that lack of vision, political will, transparency, accountability, and adequate motivation negatively affect staff performance and consequently deter the growth and progress of the public organisations in championing the course of overall development. The paper recommended the need for the enthronement of transformational democratic leaders founded on distinct sound value systems with probity and accountability and those that prioritise the welfare of the staff and the overall organisational goal. The paper concludes that only leadership with maximum empathy for the people, particularly the staff, can be relevant to the overall organisational goal and objectives, especially in the Nigerian public service.

Emotional Intelligence and Counterproductive Work Behavior - An Empirical Investigation for Asia

2023-07-28T11:20:46+00:00

The presence of counterproductive conduct in the work environment is a sign that an employee's actions may be reduced by emotional intelligence to avoid harming other employees or the organization. This paper's main target is to investigate the relationships between emotional intelligence and unproductive conduct in various Bangladeshi enterprises. Adopting the purposive sampling method, 412 responses were gathered (for a survey) from different manufacturing, merchandising, financial, and other service institutions in Bangladesh using the purposive sampling method. Rahim et al. (2002) established the Emotional Quotient Index (EQ Index) to test the emotional competence of employees, and Rahman et al. (2012) produced a 22-item scale to assess counterproductive conduct. The quantitative findings of this investigation showed that every aspect of emotional intelligence had a negative correlation with counterproductive work behavior (self-awareness (r= -0.52, p<.001), self-regulation (r= -0.55, p<.001), motivation (r= -0.53, p<.001), empathy (r= -0.51, p<.001), and social skills (r= -0.54, p<.001). Furthermore, a regression analysis showed that 35% of variations in counterproductive work conduct may be explained by aspects of emotional intelligence. After learning the findings, managers will receive thorough instructions on how to nurture emotional intelligence skills that can improve outcomes by lowering negativity in the workforce. The research's recommendations for future research directions will also help to better develop strategies for leadership.

Examining Strategies for Vertical Farming Business in Malaysia: A Qualitative Research

2023-07-28T11:21:16+00:00

The research study is aimed at examining strategies of vertical farming businesses in Malaysia. The concept of sustainable agriculture is studied in detail and an attempt is made at modelling sustainable agricultural enterprises in Malaysia to act as a benchmark for vertical farming businesses. The purpose of this study is to raise awareness on the unsustainability of traditional agricultural practices and introduce vertical farming as one of the solutions. The three research objectives are studying the business models of sustainable agriculture enterprises in Malaysia, examining the challenges and critical success factors of vertical farms and developing a vertical farming business model that enables sustainable agriculture in Malaysia. The underpinning theory is the Resource Based View which is used to analyse and interpret the resources of the case study organisations to understand how they can achieve a sustainable competitive advantage in vertical farming. An exploratory research design is employed to study the various stakeholders in the vertical farming value chain to understand their existing practices, challenges and critical success factors in managing successful vertical farms in Malaysia. This study employed a Type 4 Case Study design based on Yin’s (2018) typology where 4 vertical farms in Malaysia were studied. Addition to the case studies, in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 4 individual stakeholders involved in vertical farming Malaysia. The findings indicate that vertical farming is seen as a solution to increased production of fresh produce for a growing population as it generates 3 times more crops as compared to conventional farming. It is a welcoming solution to countries who have limited land for agriculture or land which has been depleted of its nutrients as the concept of indoor farming practiced in vertical farming addresses the scarcity of land and is seen as a healthier and more sustainable solution than traditional farming.

Exploring the Factors Influencing the Adoption of QRIS as a Digital Payment in Indonesia

2023-07-28T11:21:43+00:00

The adoption of digital payment systems has been on the rise globally, with Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) being one of the popular options in Indonesia. Despite the potential benefits of QRIS, such as convenience and increased security, the adoption rate has been relatively slow. To understand the drivers for adoption of QRIS, this study examines the attitudes, intentions, ease of use, usefulness, and subjective norms that influence the adoption of QRIS as a digital payment system. A survey was conducted among Indonesian consumers, and the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The findings revealed that attitudes, intentions, ease of use, and usefulness positively influence the adoption of QRIS. Subjective norms, on the other hand, did not have a significant effect on QRIS adoption. The results suggest that Indonesian consumers perceive QRIS as a useful and easy-to-use payment method, and they have a positive attitude towards it. This study contributes to the existing literature on digital payment adoption by providing insights into the factors that influence the adoption of QRIS. The findings of this study have important implications for policymakers and businesses in Indonesia, as they can use this information to promote the adoption of QRIS as a digital payment system. Overall, this study highlights the need to consider consumer attitudes, intentions, ease of use, and usefulness when designing and promoting digital payment systems like QRIS.

The Impact of Institutional Ownership on CEO Compensation among the NBFIs: Bangladesh Perspective

2023-07-28T11:22:09+00:00

The connection between institutional ownership and CEO compensation has been studied in this paper. In this context, the authors use the data of the non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs) working in Bangladesh from 2010-2019. The research finds that NBFIs with a higher institutional ownership concentration pay substantially higher CEO compensation than comparable NBFIs. The results are robust to the multifaceted fixed effects regression and alternative measurement models. The results further show that pay premiums are attributable to the ownership concentration and agency theory. Institutional owners prefer to avoid agency problems through rewarding higher CEO compensation.

The determinant Factors of Customer Loyalty of SMEs Business in Malaysia with Moderating Effect of Customer Perceived Value

2023-07-28T11:22:38+00:00

The Malaysian business to customer electronic market has overly been growing and changing business patterns over several years, which this e-market activities has drawn several attentions. Thereby, the changes in the business pattern using electronics as a method for transactions and communication have been creating new platforms for competitive advantage. Therefore, this study examines the effect of e-service quality, service orientation and customer satisfaction on the customer loyalty of SMEs business in Malaysia with moderating effect of customer perceived value. The research was conducted by using primary data. Meanwhile, questionnaires were received from 164 small and medium-sized companies in Sungai Petani Malaysia. The results of this study revealed that all the direct hypothesis which are e-service quality, service orientation and customer satisfaction have” positive “significant on customer loyalty. This indicates that the predictive factor is the determinant for the customer loyalty of SMEs business in Malaysia. Additionally, customer perceived value only moderates the relationship between e-service quality and customer loyalty. This also indicated that customer with high perceived value have a stronger effect between e-service quality and customer loyalty. Thus, SMEs business should mostly focus on attracting consumers by the quality of their e-services and orientation at the pre-purchase stages, whereas, they should focus more on the customer satisfactions during the purchasing stage and finally, they should focus on perceived value of customers on the post-purchase period. Finally, to maintain the loyalty of customers through the improve e-service quality and service orientation, the management or owner of the SMEs business should pay attention “directly related to process of services to the customers in the area of good networks and administrative services.”

Human Resource Management and Corporate Entrepreneurship: The Moderator Effect of Organizational Culture

2023-07-28T11:23:11+00:00

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between ability, motivation, and opportunity as expressed in human resource management (HRM) practices and corporate entrepreneurship (CE) in Yemeni public universities. It also uses organizational culture (OC) as a moderator variable to find out more about the indirect relationship between HRM practices and CE. HRM practices that organize human and social capital are critical for enhancing and facilitating CE. Nevertheless, there are variations in the published results about the impact of OC (as a moderator) on the relationship between ability, motivation, and opportunity with CE. The validity of HRM practices and the CE model will be tested empirically using data obtained from academic staff at Yemeni universities, with a sample size of 203 academic staff. SmartPLS 3.0 software was used, and the framework is made up of ability, motivation, opportunity, OC, and CE. The findings from the direct relationships demonstrate the significance of ability, motivation, and opportunity elements in fostering CE, particularly in Yemeni public universities. Furthermore, the moderate impact of organizational culture on the proposed relationship was investigated. Therefore, organizational culture (OC) moderates the association between ability and CE in a positive manner. In contrast, OC does not influence the relationship between motivation and CE. Additionally, OC has no moderating impact on the relationship between opportunity and CE. Moreover, the findings of study will help university leaders, scholars, policymakers, and people in charge of making decisions in the higher education sector make policies to improve HRM practices and CE. In general, HRM practices offer a new perspective on CE by utilizing an ability–motivation–opportunity (AMO). Thus, these HRM factors can be used as a guide to show how the best use of corporate resources can be made at different stages of the CE process.

The Use of Management Accounting Practices by Young Entrepreneurs in Start-up Small Firms: A Qualitative Insight

2023-07-28T11:23:36+00:00

Young entrepreneurs confront certain challenges, such as high volatility, riskiness, lack of support, adverse law and order situations, and limited access to public funding. Considering these problems, it is imperative for young entrepreneurs to utilize relevant information before going into venture creation. In this perspective, management accounting practices are considered an emerging area of investigation in the context of young and small businesses. Based on this investigative area, this phenomenological study focuses on how management accounting practices are experienced and used by young Pakistani entrepreneurs in their venture creation under the theoretical lens of cognitive psychology. Qualitative research based upon an interpretive worldview has been selected that postulates that different contextual settings can variate investigation results. Findings have revealed that management accounting practices, including contemporary ones such as planning, benchmarking, risk analysis, budgeting, pricing, product selection, and costing, have been incorporated into startups. While incorporating management accounting practices, fear of failure and stressful situations have been confronted by young entrepreneurs, yet trust and discussion with friends and family members have diluted such fears. This research offers significant implications regarding managing psychological impacts due to experiencing managing accounting practices by incorporating discussions with close friends and family members that can act as catalysts.

Management Accounting Usage in Daily Organizational Routines: A Case of a Manufacturing SME in Pakistan

2023-07-28T11:24:04+00:00

This research aims to contribute to management accounting scholarship by exploring management accounting routines in a manufacturing SME. Specifically, it concentrates on unveiling how different organizational actors shape management accounting routines. Management accounting usage in daily routines, particularly in the SME context, is a phenomenon of an emerging trend that merits scholarly attention to advance the understanding in this regard. Inspired by the extended Burns and Scapens’ framework, this study is drawn upon qualitative data collected via interviews and observations in a single firm (Co. A) that was a partnership firm owned by two owners. We demonstrated the usage of management accounting systems by different actors of the case organization (Co. A). Our thematic analysis exhibited the presence of situated rationalities, travel of rationality, occurrences of contradictions, and strict controlling measures. Implicitly, experiences and historical strands of Co. A has some influence on building rationalities. Furthermore, in management accounting usage, some health-related concerns were revealed by participants. There are different logics involved in shaping management accounting routines. Understanding these logics may facilitate shaping management accounting routines that may direct an organization toward success. Further, it may assist small firms in generating such a working environment where potential tensions may be restricted from evolving due to competing logics. The main contribution of this study is that management accounting usage in daily routines is not an isolated phenomenon; rather, different organizational actors with different rationalities may generate tensions along with the probability of some health concerns.

Profit Maximization versus Price Ceiling from Maqasid al-Shari’ah Perspective: A Wasatiyyah Approach

2023-07-28T11:24:43+00:00

Islamic law does not restrict the magnitude of profit digits if the underlying business undertakings are lawful. Islamic law does not stipulate any specific price or profit of goods and services in a marketplace, and it promotes a non-monopolistic free market. At the same time, the demand and supply forces determine the prices. Thus, Islam has no strict limit on profit rates earned following commodity, place, and period factors. No evidence dictates the limitation of profits to specific percentages. Islamic law advocates the principles of justice (‘adalah) in the distribution of wealth, and hence the profit margin shall comply with that. Contemporary scholars believe that the notion of maximizing the proﬁt is not consistent with the superseding objective of optimally serving society and avoiding manipulation (Chapra, Hassan & Metwally). The issue of profit maximization is related to the issue of fixing specific prices for goods and services. In a typical situation, none should manipulate the market price as fixing the prices is not allowed in Islamic law, and market prices should be left to flow to the market's dynamic. Anas bin Malik (R.) reported, the people said: O Messenger of Allah, the price has become very high; you may fix the price for us. Then the Prophet (pbuh) replied: ‘Allah is the one who determines the price, who takes and gives, and He is the provider. I hope to meet Allah while you do not have any claim against me either in blood or in wealth (Ibn Majah). Nevertheless, though the general rule says fixing the price is not permissible of whether to be lower or higher than the market, another second opinion says in some circumstances it is permitted. Fixing the price is permissible when it secures the actualization of maqasid al-shari’ah and public well-being. Thus, imposing a ceiling for the price and profit is permissible to preserve justice and eliminate harm and injustice (zulm) from the market, ensuring the protection of public interest (maslahah ammah). Muslim jurists opine that the government or related authority is allowed to fix the market price when there is a price increase above the average price in the market. Nonetheless, a wasatiyyah (balanced) approach shall be maintained to fix the price ceiling and profit margin so that none of the parties involved in the transaction will be affected adversely. Observing a wasatiyyah approach would secure the realization of fairness and the removal of harm which is the restrictive clause for the lawfulness of fixing the price and profit.

Does Board Diversity Affect Directors’ Remuneration Disclosure Level?

2023-07-28T11:25:12+00:00

The present research determines the impact of corporate governance mechanism on directors’ remuneration disclosure level and firm value. A total of 200 annual reports were collected from selected companies listed in Bursa Malaysia between 2013 and 2019. Pooled OLS, longitudinal data and 2SLS was carried out to accomplish the objective. The findings showed that board diversity does not significantly impact the directors’ remuneration disclosure level. This study also found that gender diversity has positive significant impacts on firm value. This finding deserves the attention of the stakeholders, investors, policymakers, and organizations in modelling a high-level disclosure and governance structure in the corporate environment in enhancing firm value.

Trade Openness and its influence on Foreign Direct Investment in ASEAN-3

2023-07-28T11:25:46+00:00

Foreign direct investments (FDI) have emerged as the most important external capital sources for all countries. Using annual data from 1980 to 2019, this study explores trade openness and its influence on FDI in ASEAN-3. The study includes Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand are synonymous as ASEAN-3 countries. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) study shows that trade openness has influenced FDI inflow into ASEAN-3. According to empirical data, trade openness and FDI inflows in Malaysia and Indonesia have a strong relationship. Meanwhile, Thailand has a negative relationship between trade openness and FDI inflows. Overall, this study can help policymakers improve their future planning in order to capitalise on greater prospects for FDI inflows into ASEAN-3 countries.