MASADIR AL-MA'RIFAH 'INDA AL-FALASIFAH AL-MUSLIMIN WA AL-FALASIFAH AL-GHARBIYIN: DIRASAH MUQARANAH [COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE SOURCES OF KNOWLEDGE: MUSLIM PHILOSOPHERS VS. WESTERN PHILOSOPHERS]

Abstract

This research seeks to define the concept of knowledge, understand its application, and explore the sources of knowledge as perceived by Muslim philosophers in contrast to contemporary Western philosophers. Utilizing descriptive, analytical, and comparative approaches, the study delves into the perspectives on knowledge held by both groups, further drawing comparisons between them. The results indicate a shared belief among Muslim and Western philosophers in the potential to achieve genuine knowledge, with systematic doubt serving as a means to this end. For Muslim thinkers, knowledge derives from diverse sources: divine revelations and human faculties such as perception, reasoning, and intuition. Conversely, while Western philosophers recognize reason, perception, and intuition as foundational sources of knowledge, they do not attribute a similar epistemic value to revelation.