Valorizing Durian Fruit Waste: A Path Towards Functional Materials

Abstract

Durian (Durio zibethinus), known as the "King of Fruits," is widely consumed in Southeast Asia. Durian exports and imports become a high-value industry. However, durian production generates a significant amount of waste, including husks, seeds, and unconsumed pulp, which poses environmental and economic challenges. This review highlights recent advancements in utilizing durian waste as functional materials in various industries, including biopolymers, biosorbent, biochar, activated carbon production, and as a catalyst in biodiesel production. It highlights the extraction processes, material synthesis techniques, and multifunctional properties of durian-derived materials, emphasizing their environmental and economic benefits. The valorization of durian waste not only addresses waste management concerns but also adds value through sustainable material development. By addressing the challenges of large-scale implementation and exploring innovative valorization strategies, durian fruit waste has the potential to play a pivotal role in advancing sustainable development and promoting a circular bioeconomy.