The Cytotoxicity Effect on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line Treated with Prismatomeris glabra Leaves and Roots Ethyl Acetate Extract

Abstract

Breast cancer is the secondly diagnosed cancer as a whole and the most common cancer among women. Plant extracts can be trusted for cancer care due to low toxicity compare to conventional treatment, such as radiotherapy, multidrug resistant, and chemotherapy as it increases the suffering to cancer patients. Prismatomeris glabra (P.glabra) has its own established traditional medicine values in each country, including Malaysia. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro cytotoxicity effect of P.glabra crude extract of ethyl acetate solvent on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines using various concentrations of Prismatomeris glabra leaves and root ethyl acetate crude extraction (500 µg/ml, 250 µg/ml, 125 µg/ml, 62.5 µg/ml, 31.3 µg/ml, and 15.6 µg/ml), and were treated at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours measuring through MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. This study revealed that MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line shows weak cytotoxic effect for leaves ethyl acetate and root ethyl acetate extract at 0-hour and 24-hours and shows promising cytotoxicity with significant effect at 48-hours (lea: 176.67±6.67µg/ml, and rea: 30±0.00µg/ml) and 72-hours (lea: 188.33±10.41µg/ml, and rea: 95.00±5.00µg/ml), to inhibit 50% of tested MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. In conclusion, the findings indicated ethyl acetate extract of P.glabra has potential properties to be developed as human breast cancer therapeutic agent.