[Syariah Issues in The Implementation of E-Commerce] Isu-Isu Syariah dalam Pelaksanaan E-Dagang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2015.10.2.109Abstract
Several Shariah issues arose as a result of the implementation of e-commerce which prompted contemporary jurists to seek ijtihad to unravel those issues. Among the Shariah issues identified are what form of contract occurs ?, what is the status of the goods sold? and the extent of eligibility of the contracting party ?. The objective of this study is to identify the form of contract that occurs, the existence of goods for sale and the qualifications of the contracting parties in e-commerce transactions. The methodology of this study involves the collection of information from books, magazines, newspapers and websites and based on the experience and observations of researchers who conduct e-commerce transactions with the company Mphonline, a company that conducts online book sales in Malaysia. This study found that e-commerce conceptually is in line with Islamic transactions in terms of the form of contract that occurs, the status of goods for sale and the qualifications of the party doing the contract as discussed by the previous jurists.
Beberapa isu Syariah muncul ekoran daripada pelaksanaan e-dagang yang mendorong para ahli fiqh kontemporari berusaha melakukan ijtihad bagi merungkai isu-isu tersebut. Antara isu-isu Syariah yang dikenalpasti adalah apakah bentuk kontrak yang berlaku ?, bagaimana status barang jualan ? dan sejauh mana kelayakan pihak yang melakukan kontrak ?. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti bentuk kontrak yang berlaku, kewujudan barang jualan dan kelayakan pihak yang berkontrak dalam transaksi e-dagang. Metodologi kajian ini melibatkan pengumpulan maklumat daripada buku-buku, majalah-majalah, surat khabar dan laman-laman web dan berdasarkan pengalaman dan pemerhatian pengkaji yang melakukan transaksi e-dagang dengan syarikat Mphonline iaitu sebuah syarikat yang menjalankan penjualan buku secara atas talian di Malaysia. Kajian ini mendapati e-dagang secara konsepnya adalah selaras dengan muamalah Islam dari segi bentuk kontrak yang berlaku, status barang jualan dan kelayakan pihak yang melakukan kontrak sebagaimana yang dibincangkan oleh ahli-ahli fiqh terdahulu.
References
Badran, Abu al-cAynayn. (t.th.) al-Sharicah al-islamiyyah tarikhuha wa nazariyyat al-milkiyyah wa al-cuqud. Iskandariah : Muassasat Shabab al-Jamicah.
al-Bacli, cAbd al-Hamid Mahmud. (t.th.) Dawabit al-cuqud : dirasat muqaranat fi al-fiqh al-islami wa muwazanah bi al-qanun al-wadci wa al-fiqh. Kaherah : Maktabat al-Wahbah.
al-Buti, Muhammad Tawfiq Ramadan, (1419H/1998). al-Buyuc al-shaicah wa athar dawabit al-mabic cala sharciyyatiha. Damshik : Dar al-Fikr.
al-Buhuti, Mansur ibn Yunus. (t.th.) Kashshaf al-qinac can matn al-iqnac. t. tp : Maktabat al-Nasr al-Hadithah.
al-Dardir, Abu al-Barakat Ahmad bin Muhammad. (t.th). al-Sharh al-saghir. Mesir : Dar al-Macarif.
David Whitely. (2000). E-commerce : strategy, technologies and aplications. London : The McGraw-Hill Companies.
Huff, S.L., Wade, M., Parent, M., Schneberger, S. & Newson, P. (2000). Cases in electronic commerce. Boston : Irwin Mcgraw Hill.
Ibn al-Humam, Kamal al-Din Muhammad ibn cAbd al-Wahid. (t.th.) Fath al-qadir. Mesir : Matbacah Mustafa Muhammad.
Ibn cAbidin, Muhammad Amin. (1995). Hashiat radd al-muhtar cala al-durr al-mukhtar. Beirut : Dar al-Fikr.
al-Kasani, cAla’ al-Din Abu Bakr bin Mascud. (1418H/1997). Bada’ic al-sana’ic fi tartib al-sharaic. Beirut : Dar al-Kutub al-cIlmiyyah.
al-Khatib al-Sharbini, Shams al-Din Muhammad bin Muhammad. (t.th.) Mughni al-muhtaj. t.tp. : Dar al-Fikr.
Madkur, Muhammad al-Salam. (1383H/1963). al-Madkhal li al-fiqh al-islami : tarikhuh wa masadiruh wa nazariyyatuh al-cammah. Kaherah : Dar al-Nahdah al-CArabi
Mphonline.com, http://www.mphonline.com/disclaimer/dis.aspx (28 Jun 2015)
al-Sanhuri, cAbd al-Razzak. (t.th.) Masadir al-haq fi al-fiqh al-islami. Beirut : Majmac al-cIlm al-cArabi al-Islami.
Shalabi, Muhammad Mustafa. (1404 H/ 1983). al-Madkhal fi al-tacrif bi al-fiqh al-islami wa qawacid al-milkiyyah wa al-cuqud fih. Beirut : Dar al-Nahdah al-cArabiyyah.
al-Tirmidhi, Muhammad bin cIsa. (t.th.). al-Jamic al-sahih. Beirut : Dar Ihya al-Turath al-cArabi.
Zamzuri Zakaria dan Mat Noor Mat Zain (2003). dalam Prosiding Seminar Kebangsaan Fiqh Semasa 2003. Kuala Lumpur: Mashi Publication.
al-Zarqa’, Mustafa Ahmad, (1418H/1998). al-Madkhal al-fiqh al-cam. Damshik : Dar al-Qalam.
al-Zuhayli, Wahbah. (1409H/1989). al-Fiqh al-islami wa adillatuh. Beirut : Dar al-Fikr.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the Publisher. The Editors reserve the right to edit or otherwise alter all contributions, but authors will receive proofs for approval before publication.
Copyrights for articles published in JIMK journals are retained by the authors, with first publication rights granted to the journal. The journal/publisher is not responsible for subsequent uses of the work. It is the author's responsibility to bring an infringement action if so desired by the author.
