Manifestasi Karamah Insaniah dan Ciri-ciri Keistimewaannya dalam al-Quran al-Karim [Manifestation of Insaniah Karamah and Its Special Features in The Qur'an Al-Karim]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2015.11.3.140Abstract
The principal of human dignity, that respects the dignity of humanity and human dignity is the main foundation of human rights. It is an indicator of the humanity that distinguishes it from all creatures. Human Rights in Islam refer to the set of Islamic laws aimed at preserving the betterment of human in accordance with the nature of humanity for noble survival.This article aims to discuss the whole spectrum of the principle of human dignity in al - Quran al - Karim and the uniqueness of these principles through descriptions of related selected Quranic verses. The main description of the fundamentals of human dignity in this article is extracted from Surah al - Isra ' , verse 70 based on document analysis, through the books of Quranic Exegesis and the references which are related to human rights in Islam. As a result, the study shows that the foundations of human dignity described in this paragraph are interrelated and complement each other . Manifestations of human rights through this human dignity principle are collected within five ( 5 ) items and its privileges declared in al - Quran al - Karim is also exposed to the five ( 5 ) items . This also shows a significant difference compared to the principles of human rights proclaimed in international law or other religions as Islam put the Human Dignity as the main foundation of human rights.
Keywords : Human Dignity, Human Rights, Rights in al - Quran al - Karim
Karamah insaniah, iaitu menghormati martabat keinsanan dan maruah manusia adalah merupakan asas utama dalam hak asasi manusia yang dititikberatkan dalam al-Quran al-Karim. Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) dalam Islam merujuk kepada himpunan hukum-hukum syarak yang bertujuan untuk memelihara kemaslahatan manusia yang sesuai dengan sifat-sifat kemanusiaannya demi kelangsungan hidup yang mulia. Prinsip karamah insaniah merupakan indikator keinsanan manusia yang membedakannya daripada sekalian makhluk. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membincangkan secara menyeluruh mengenai karamah insaniah dalam al-Quran al-Karim, dan ciri-ciri keistimewaannya melalui analisis ayat-ayat terpilih yang berkaitan. Huraian utama mengenai asas-asas karamah insaniah oleh Allah s.w.t dalam artikel ini dicerakinkan daripada surah al-Isra’, ayat 70 melalui analisis daripada kitab-kitab tafsir dan rujukan berkaitan HAM dalam Islam. Hasilnya, kajian mendapati bahawa asas-asas karamah insaniah yang dinyatakan dalam ayat ini adalah saling berkait dan melengkapi antara satu sama lain. Manifestasi prinsip karamah insaniah dalam al-Quran al-Karim ini terhimpun dalam lima (5) perkara, dan ciri-ciri keistimewaannya yang dinyatakan dalam al-Quran juga dapat dirumuskan kepada lima (5) perkara. Hal ini membuktikan bahawa prinsip hak-hak asasi manusia dalam Islam adalah yang perbezaannya yang ketara berbanding prinsip hak-hak asasi manusia yang dicanangkan dalam undang-undang antarabangsa mahupun agama lain. Ini kerana, Islam menjadikan karamah insaniah sebagai asas utama HAM.
Kata kunci: Karamah Insaniah, Hak Asasi Manusia, Hak Asasi dalam al-Quran al-Karim
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