[The Position of Non Muslim Candidates and Women in The Election System in Malaysia: A Study of The Comparison] Kedudukan Calon Non Muslim dan Wanita dalam Sistem Pilihan Raya di Malaysia: Kajian Terhadap Perbandingan antara Perundangan dan Fiqh Siyasah.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2018.18.1.292Abstract
Election is an important mechanism for one country to choose leaders in a safe and harmonious way. The position of non-Muslim candidates and women is enshrined in the Federal Constitution. The involvement of non-Muslim candidates is generally prohibited from the perspective of Fiqh Siyasah based on the Qur'an (5: 51); and female candidates based on the Qur'an (4:34). The objective of this study was to clarify the position of non-Muslim candidates and women in Fiqh Siyasah which needed to be reviewed from the perspective of the legislative or amendment of the deed according to Islamic values. This study was qualitative that was a library research which involved studies of Turath book and information from field interviews. This study found that the legal status was not in line with the policy of Fiqh SiyÄsah under the Federal Constitution Article 47 (b) and the Election Act 1958 (Act 19 Section 13 (1). Therefore, it was a necessary for the Federal Constitution Article 40 (2) 'appointment of a Prime Minister' to be amended to 'appointment of a Muslim Prime Minister' to be consistent with the Federal Constitution of Article 3 which has constituted that Islam is the religion of the federation.
Keywords: Non-Muslim Candidate, Woman Candidate, Fiqh Siyasah, Legislation and Election.
Pilihan raya merupakan satu mekanisme penting dalam sesebuah negara bagi memilih pemimpin secara aman dan harmoni. Kedudukan calon non Muslim dan wanita sememangnya termaktub dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan. Penglibatan calon non Muslim secara umumnya adalah dilarang dari sudut fiqh siyasah berdasarkan al-Qur’an (5: 51) dan calon wanita berdasarkan al-Quran (4:34). Objektif kajian ini bagi menjelaskan kedudukan larangan calon non Muslim dan wanita dalam fiqh siyasah yang perlu diteliti semula dari sudut perundangan atau pindaan akta menurut nilai-nilai Islam. Kajian ini bersifat kualitatif iaitu penelitian perpustakaan yang melibatkan kajian kitab turath serta maklumat temu bual di lapangan. Dapatan kajian ini menjelaskan kedudukan perundangan tidak selari dengan dasar fiqh siyÄsah di bawah Perlembagaan Persekutuan Perkara 47 (b) dan Akta Pilihan Raya 1958 (Akta 19 Seksyen 13 (1). Justeru, perlu kepada pindaan Perlembagaan Persekutuan Perkara 40 (2) (a) „melantik seorang Perdana Menteri‟ dipinda kepada „melantik seorang Perdana Menteri yang beragama Islam‟ agar ianya selaras dengan Perlembagaan Persekutuan Perkara 3 yang memperuntukkan bahawa agama Islam adalah agama bagi persekutuan.
Kata kunci: Calon Non Muslim, Calon Wanita, Fiqh Siyasah, Perundangan dan Pilihan Raya.
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