Aplikasi Fiqh al-Awlawiyyat dalam Menangani Isu Covid-19: Analisis Terhadap Isu yang Terpilih [Application of Fiqh al-Awlawiyyat in Dealing with Covid-19 Issues: Analysis of Selected Issues]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2022.23.3.695Abstract
Pandemik Covid-19 di Malaysia telah menyebabkan hampir keseluruhan amalan kehidupan seharian masyarakat berubah. Hal ini kerana dengan adanya Prosedur Operasi Standard (SOP) yang telah dilaksanakan oleh pihak yang bertanggungjawab dalam menjaga dan memelihara kemaslahatan awam seperti pemakaian pelitup muka, larangan menunaikan solat jemaah di masjid, pemakaian perlindungan diri (PPE) bagi petugas-petugas barisan hadapan dan sebagainya. Tujuan kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk membincangkan tentang pengaplikasian fiqh al-awlÄwiyyÄt dalam isu terpilih yang berkaitan dengan Covid-19. Metodologi kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kes. Seterusnya, kaedah dokumentasi dilakukan berdasarkan kepada maklumat sekunder yang diperolehi daripada media massa, kitab-kitab agama serta lama sesawang. Kajian ini juga hanya tertumpu kepada beberapa isu yang terpilih sahaja. Analisis data telah mendapati bahawa, fiqh al-awlÄwiyyÄt telah diaplikasikan dalam penetapan dan pengeluaran hukum yang juga berdasarkan kepada qawaid fiqhiyyah dan maqÄá¹£id syari’ah. Hal ini kerana setiap hukum yang diputuskan mestilah melihat keadaan atau adat sesuatu tempat. Maka, apabila berlakunya perubahan seperti negara dilanda wabak dan sebagainya, terdapat pelbagai hukum yang berubah selari dengan kemaslahatan awam. Ketetapan yang telah diputuskan oleh Muzakarah Jawatankuasa Hal Ehwal Ugama Islam telah menunjukkan bahawa kepentingan menjaga kemaslahatan awam semasa berlakunya sesuatu wabak. Masyarakat juga memainkan peranan penting dalam memastikan wabak ini dapat dibendung dan mengurangkan risiko jangkitan virus tersebut. Oleh yang demikian, kajian ini telah dapat menyimpulkan bahawa pengaplikasian fiqh al-awlÄwiyyÄt dalam sesuatu permasalahan ketika dilanda wabak adalah sangat penting dan memerlukan kepada penelitian yang mendalam.
The Covid-19 pandemic in Malaysia has caused almost the entire practice of daily life of the community to change. This is because of the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) that have been implemented by those responsible for maintaining and preserving public welfare such as wearing face masks, ban on performing congregational prayers in mosques, wearing personal protection (PPE) for front line officers, and so on. The purpose of this study is to discuss the application of fiqh al-awlawiyyÄt in the selected issues related to Covid-19. This qualitative researh methodolody uses a case study design. Next, the documentation method is based on the secondary information that has been obtained from the religious book, web pages, mass media and so on. Data analysis has found that fiqh al-awlawiyyÄt has been applied in the setting and issuing laws which are also based on qawaid fiqhiyyah and maqÄá¹£id al-shariah.This is because before the fatwa or every law issued, the panel must look at the circumstances or customs of a place. So, when there is a change such as a country hit by an epidemic and so on, there are various laws that change in line with the public interest. The ruling that has been decided by the Muzakarah of the Islamic Religious Affairs Committee has shown that the importance of safeguarding the public interest during an epidemic. The community also plays an important role in ensuring that the epidemic can be curbed and reduce the risk of infection with the virus. Therefore, this study has been able to conclude that the application of al-awlawiyyÄt in a problem when hit by an epidemic is very important and requires in-depth research.
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