Konsep Pemerintahan Islam Berasaskan Konsep Pengurusan Ekonomi Khalifah Umar Al-Khattab RA

The Concept Of Islamic Government Based On The Caliph Of Umar Al-Khattab Ra Economic Management Concept)

Abstract

Banyak kajian berkaitan kepemimpinan dalam Islam dilakukan oleh para pengkaji, tinggal lagi kajian berkenaan konsep pemerintahan Islam yang belum banyak dilakukan oleh mana-mana pengkaji. Kajian ini penting dilakukan bagi mengisi lompang kajian tersebut. Hal ini juga menunjukkan bahawa konsep pemerintahan Islam sangat penting dibina agar ia menjadi panduan kepada para pemimpin pada hari ini. Jika disoroti kembali sejarah, kepimpinan Islam pada masa lalu banyak meninggalkan ketamadunan dan kejayaan. Persoalannya, kenapa tidak dikembalikan kegemilangan tersebut dengan menggunakan konsep pemerintahan berteraskan Islam? Lebih menarik, terdapat seorang khalifah pada awal-awal pemerintahan Islam iaitu Umar al-Khattab RA yang berjaya memadu banyak perkara secara komprehensif sehinggakan berjaya memperoleh kejayaan dalam pemerintahannya. Justeru itu, kajian ini ingin menumpukan konsep pengurusan kepemimpinan berteraskan Islam Umar al-Khattab RA agar ia dapat dijadikan panduan pembinaan konsep pemerintahan berteraskan Islam. Daripada kepentingan-kepentingan tersebut, kajian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan reka bentuk kajian metod naratif kerana ia bertepatan dengan data sekunder yang dikumpulkan iaitu dengan menggunakan kaedah kajian dokumen. Data-data ini kemudiannya dianalisis dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan kualitatif. Hasilnya didapati bahawa kerangka konsep pengurusan ekonomi kepemimpinan berteraskan Islam Umar al-Khattab RA yang meliputi dua prinsip, satu ciri, dan satu kaedah dapat dijadikan sebagai sebahagian konsep pemerintahan berteraskan Islam. Bagi dua prinsipnya ialah takut hanya kepada Allah SWT dan mempertahankan syariat Islam. Satu ciri kepemimpinan Umar al-Khattab RA ialah berakhlak mulia dan satu kaedah kepemimpinan Baginda pula mengembangkan tajdid. Kerajaan seperti ini terbukti mendapat jaminan keselamatan, keharmonian sosial dan tidak berlaku sebarang kezaliman.

Many studies related to leadership in Islam have been conducted by researchers, but there is still a study on the concept of Islamic governance that has not been done by any researcher. This study is important to fill the gaps in the study. This also shows that the concept of Islamic governance is very important to build so that it can be a guide for leaders today. If we look back at history, Islamic leadership in the past left a lot of civilization and success. The question is, why not restore that glory by using the concept of Islamic-based governance? More interestingly, there was a caliph at the beginning of the Islamic rule, namely Umar al-Khattab RA who managed to combine many things comprehensively to the point of achieving success in his rule. Therefore, this study wants to focus on the concept of Islamic-based leadership management of Umar al-Khattab RA so that it can be used as a guide for building the concept of Islamic-based governance. From these interests, this study was conducted using a narrative method research design because it coincides with the secondary data collected, namely by using the document study method. This data was then analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method. The results found that the framework of the concept of economic management based on Islamic leadership of Umar al-Khattab RA which includes two principles, one characteristic, and one method can be used as part of the concept of Islamic governance. The two principles are fear only of Allah SWT and defending Islamic law. One characteristic of Umar al-Khattab RA's leadership is having noble character and one method of his leadership is developing tajdid. This kind of government has been proven to guarantee security, social harmony and no injustice.