Memaknai Semula Ilhad Berasaskan Epistimologi dan Retrospektif
Redefining Ilhad Through an Epistemological and Retreospective Lens
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2023.24.3.938Keywords:
Ateisme, Ilhad, Sekularisme, Liberalisme, NaturalismeAbstract
Sejarah umat Islam tidak pernah sunyi dari ancaman pemikiran yang menyeleweng. Salah-satunya ialah ateisme yang mula mendapat tempat dalam kalangan masyarakat moden hasil dari penularan falsafah Barat sejak zaman pra-modenisasi. Ateisme seringkali diterjemahkan sebagai ilḥād walaupun kedua-dua perkataan ini merupakan cambahan perbahasan pemikiran dari dua aliran yang berbeza iaitu pemikiran Barat dan Islam. Terjemahan secara literal ini dengan meminggirkan aspek etimologi dan sejarah kedua-dua tamadun ini menyukarkan istilah ilḥād untuk diterapkan secara tuntas dalam realiti masyarakat Islam. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesesuaian penggunaan istilah ilḥād berasaskan epistimologi dan retrospektif. Kajian jenis kualitatif ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian analisis kandungan. Data-data kajian dikumpulkan melalui kaedah pendokumentasian dan dianalisis secara analisis kandungan. Hasil mendapati bahawa ilḥād mempunyai makna yang lebih luas dan ia terarah kepada satu titik iaitu meleraikan diri dari ikatan ketuhanan dan menafikan fitrah. Perluasan semula makna istilah ini wajar diangkat bagi membolehkan ia difahami dan diterapkan secara tuntas dalam menyelesaikan masalah umat Islam semasa.
Throughout Islamic history, the Muslim community has consistently faced challenges posed by deviant philosophies. Among these, atheism has increasingly influenced modern societies, especially following the widespread dissemination of Western philosophical ideas from pre-modern times. Atheism is frequently equated with the term ilḥād, despite originating from fundamentally distinct intellectual traditions of the Western and Islamic civilizations. Such literal translations overlook essential etymological and historical nuances, complicating the precise and effective application of the term ilḥād in contemporary Islamic discourse. Thus, this study critically reassesses the appropriateness of employing ilḥād through epistemological and retrospective lenses. Adopting a qualitative document-analysis methodology, relevant data were systematically gathered and examined via content analysis. Findings reveal that ilḥād possesses broader implications, primarily characterized by the act of detaching oneself from the divine bond and negating inherent human nature (fitrah). Therefore, expanding and refining the conceptual understanding of ilḥād is crucial for effectively addressing contemporary ideological challenges faced by the Muslim community.
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