Perbandingan antara Hisbah dan Majlis Penasihat Syariah Sistem Perbankan Islam
Abstract
As defined by the Islamic jurists, hisbah is practicing al-amr bi al-macruf wa nahy can al-munkar in provided areas by an Islamic government. The Shariah Advisory Council (SAC) is an advisory board to Islamic banks that provides Islamic views on products offered. It has specific functions associated with the muamalat tenets of Islam. The main question which arises is whether SAC is a real adaptation of hisbah or not. This paper analyses the correlation between hisbah and SAC, of the Islamic banking system in the aspect of definition, rules and dalil. Qualitative methods used include data collected through reviews of theories and practices of hisbah and technical documents related to the discussion on SAC. The data are analysed descriptively. In conclusion, hisbah and SAC shared the same concern of Shariah complience in definition. Furthermore, SAC follows the rules of hisbah. While, dalils of legacity for hisbah is applied for SAC.
Key Words: Islamic Banking; Shariah Advisory Council; hisbah.
Abstrak
Sebagaimana definisi fuqaha, hisbah adalah badan pelaksana yang diberi kuasa untuk melakukan al-amr bi al-macruf wa nahy can al-munkar dalam bidang kuasa yang diberi oleh sesebuah kerajaan Islam. Manakala Majlis Penasihat Syariah (MPS) pula adalah sebuah komponen bank yang berperanan memantau bank Islam, agar ia beroperasi sejajar dengan kehendak syariah. Ia juga berperanan sebagai pemutus kepada bank, untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan hukum dalam menjalankan operasinya. Persoalan yang timbul adalah adakah MPS benar-benar menepati ciri-ciri yang membolehkannya dikatakan sebagai adaptasi hisbah. Melalui metodologi kajian perpustakaan, artikel ini membandingkan kedua-duanya melalui tiga aspek, iaitu definisi, bidang kuasa dan dalil-dalil pensyariatannya. Artikel ini merumuskan bahawa, hisbah dan MPS mempunyai definisi yang menekankan aspek pematuhan kepada syarak. Selain itu, MPS juga menjalankan sebahagian tugas hisbah. Manakala dalil-dalil pensyariatan hisbah adalah bersifat umum dan terpakai kepada MPS.
Kata Kunci: Perbankan Islam; Majlis Penasihat Syariah; hisbah.
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