Isu-isu Fiqh yang Tidak Muktamad Menurut Mazhab Shafi’i dalam Kitab al-Sirat al-Mustaqim Karya Shaykh Nur al-Din al-Raniri
Abstract
This article is a study on the compliance of qawl mu’tamad (ultimate view) to the Shafiite School of thought in the book al-Sirat al-Mustaqim written by Nur al-Din al-Raniri. Al-Sirat al-Mustaqim is the first book on fiqh written in the Malay language in the Malay archipelago. It was written based on authoritative Arabic books from Shafiite School of Thought for reference. The content therefore should be parallel with the fiqh of Shafiite School of Thought. However, this study found that the texts of al-Sirat al-Mustaqim in particular, in the Book of Purification and the Book of Prayers contain a few views that contradict the ultimate opinions or views of the Shafiite School of Thought. Those opinions are in conflict with some verified studies of later Shafiite scholars such as Ibn Hajar al-Haytami and Shams al-Din al-Ramli. Nevertheless, this does not suggest a weakness of this book as these differences of opinions on Islamic Jurisprudence reflect the authors’ personal views. The collected qualitative data in this document study was subjected to textual analysis.
Keywords: al-Sirat al-Mustaqim; qawl mu’tamad; Shafiite School of Thoughts.
Abstrak
Artikel ini merupakan analisis terhadap isu-isu fiqh yang tidak muktamad menurut Mazhab Shafi’i dalam penulisan kitab al-Sirat al-Mustaqim karya Shaykh Nur al- Din al-Raniri. Kitab al-Sirat al-Mustaqim merupakan kitab fiqh berbahasa Melayu yang pertama dikarang di Nusantara. Ia ditulis berdasarkan rujukan-rujukan fiqh Mazhab Shafi’i berbahasa Arab yang berautoriti. Isi kandungannya sewajarnya selari dengan fakta-fakta fiqh yang muktamad dalam Mazhab Shafi’i. Namun begitu, kajian ini mendapati bahawa teks al-Sirat al-Mustaqim mengandungi beberapa pandangan fiqh yang bercanggah dengan pendapat yang muktamad dalam Mazhab Shafi‘i. Pendapat-pendapat fiqh ini bercanggah dengan apa yang diputuskan oleh ulama-ulama peneliti (muhaqqiq) dalam Mazhab Shafi‘i yang muta’akhkhirin terutamanya Ibn Hajar al-Haytami dan Shams al-Din al-Ramli. Walau bagaimanapun, ini tidak menggambarkan satu kelemahan penulisan kitab tersebut. Pandangan-pandangan fiqh ini merupakan pandangan fiqh pilihan peribadi pengarang untuk dinyatakan dalam kitab ini. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah analisis tekstual, berdasarkan kepada data-data berbentuk kualitatif yang dikumpulkan berasaskan kepada kaedah kajian dokumentasi.
Kata kunci: al-Sirat al-Mustaqim; pendapat muktamad; Mazhab Shafi’i.
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