Syaikh Muhammad bin Abd Al-Wahhab dan Kaitannya dengan Isu Takfir
Abstract
Muhammad Abd al-Wahhab, a conservative theologian and ideologue of the Wahhabi movement in the Arabian Peninsula in the early nineteenth century, is often associated with extreme attitudes on the issue of takfir (disbelieve). However, the validity of the allegation against him is still regarded as a polemic that has not been settled. This article attempts to highlight the issue of takfir related to Muhammad Abd al-Wahhab to identify the truth of the allegations and it’s accountablilty. This qualitative study uses a variety of primary and secondary sources to analyze the the issue. The results showed that the attitude of takfir (disbelieve) related to Muhammad Abd al-Wahhab against some of the Islamic scholars who were being contrary to his believe, would be difficult to deny. This is because most of his statement regarded to the issue derived originally from various his own treatises and books. The study also concluded that his thought on the issue is abviously contrary to the Islamic point of views which is always call for unity of Muslims, tolerance and moderation in what ever matter concerning ijtihad (independent reasoning). Thus, it is believed that the flow of his thought is not practicable to Islamic contemporary society today.
Keywords: Muhammad Abd al-Wahhab, Wahhabi movement, takfir, shirk, bid`ah
Abstrak
Muhammad Abd al-Wahhab, iaitu tokoh reformis Islam yang mengasaskan Gerakan Wahabi di Semenanjung Tanah Arab pada pertengahan kurun 19 Masehi, sering dikaitkan dengan sikap melampau dalam isu takfir. Walau bagaimanapun, sejauh manakah keabsahan dakwaan tersebut terhadap beliau masih menjadi suatu polemik yang belum selesai. Artikel ini cuba mengetengahkan isu takfir yang dikaitkan dengan Muhammad Abd al-Wahhab untuk mengenal pasti sejauh mana kebenaran pandangan tersebut dan ia boleh dipertanggungjawabkan. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan pelbagai sumber primer dan sekunder bagi menganalisis kandungan isu kajian yang dijalankan. Hasil kajian mendapati dakwaan sikap melampau Muhammad Abd al-Wahhab mentakfirkan segolongan para ulama yang tidak sehaluan dengan pemikiran akidah beliau adalah sukar untuk dinafikan. Ini adalah kerana kebanyakan kenyataan beliau dalam isu takfir disorot daripada pelbagai karya dan risalah tulisan beliau sendiri. Kajian juga turut merumuskan bahawa pemikiran takfir ditonjolkan beliau adalah suatu perkara kontradik dengan gagasan metodologi pemikiran Islam yang sentiasa menyeru kepada kesatuan umat, sikap bertolak ansur dan kesederhanaan dalam perkara ijtihad. Oleh itu, aliran pemikiran beliau adalah tidak sesuai untuk dipraktikkan dalam masyarakat kontemporari kini.
Kata kunci: Muhammad Abd al-Wahhab, Gerakan Wahabi, takfir, syirik, bidaah
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the Publisher. The Editors reserve the right to edit or otherwise alter all contributions, but authors will receive proofs for approval before publication.
Copyrights for articles published in JIMK journals are retained by the authors, with first publication rights granted to the journal. The journal/publisher is not responsible for subsequent uses of the work. It is the author's responsibility to bring an infringement action if so desired by the author.
