Al-Musytarak al-Lafziy Menurut Perspektif Ilmuwan Linguistik Arab
Abstract
Al-musytarak al-lafziy refers to the word that has same spelling and pronunciation and more than one meaning. It is very important in everyday in order to avoid the miss interpretation of meaning that delivered to the listeners. The main objective of this article is to explain the concept of al-musytarak al- lafziy from the perspective of Arab linguists as well as with the relevant examples. Al-musytarak al- lafziy will be easier understood if qarinah or sign or indicators used by the speaker to make some that not to cause confusion to the listeners. Multiple meanings in the al-musytarak al-lafziy is a starting point disagreement between scholars in determining of the required in a particular context. Qualitative methods used include data collected through review of books in lughah, fiqh and arabic dictionaries. The findings of the study indicated that the meaning of al-musytarak al-lafziy either nouns, verbs and particles are influenced by certain factors. Apart from that, al-musytarak al-lafziy also brings advantages and disadvantages to the speaker as well as listener. In conclusion al-musytarak al-lafziy not only important in Arabic linguistics alone but should be combined with other disciplines mainly related to the some laws in compliance with the Islamic teachings.
Keywords: al-musytarak al-lafziy; evidence; Arabic linguistics.
Abstrak
Al-musytarak al-lafziy merujuk kepada perkataan yang mempunyai ejaan dan sebutan yang sama serta menunjukkan lebih daripada satu makna. Al-musytarak al-lafziy amat penting dalam kehidupan seharian bagi mengelakkan berlakunya salah tafsir maksud yang ingin disampaikan kepada pendengar. Objektif utama artikel ini untuk menjelaskan konsep al-musytarak al-lafziy menurut pandangan ahli linguistik Arab serta contoh-contoh yang relevan dengannya. Bagi memudahkan lagi memahami makna yang dikehendaki, qarinah atau petunjuk digunakan oleh penutur agar tidak menimbulkan kekeliruan kepada pendengar. Kepelbagaian makna yang terkandung dalam al- musytarak al-lafziy sebenarnya menjadi titik tolak kepada perselisihan para ilmuwan dalam menentukan makna yang dikehendaki dalam konteks yang tertentu. Metodologi yang digunakan ialah kajian perpustakaan dengan menganalisis dokumen dalam kitab-kitab lughah, fiqh dan kamus-kamus Arab. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa makna yang terkandung dalam al-musytarak al-lafziy sama ada pada kata nama, kata kerja dan partikel dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor yang tertentu. Selain itu, al-musytarak al-lafziy turut mendatangkan kebaikan dan keburukan sama ada kepada penutur mahupun orang yang mendengar. Kesimpulannya al-musytarak al-lafziy bukan sahaja perlu dititikberatkan dalam linguistik Arab semata-mata, malah perlu digabungkan dengan disiplin ilmu yang lain terutamanya yang berkaitan dengan hukum hakam sejajar dengan kehendak ajaran Islam.
Kata kunci: al-musytarak al-lafziy; qarinah; linguistik Arab.
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