Konsep pemerintahan Islam berasaskan pengurusan sosial dan rohani: model kepimpinan Umar al-Khattab RA
The concept of Islamic governance based on social and spiritual management: the leadership model of Umar al-Khattab RA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2025.26.2.930Keywords:
Pemerintahan Islam, Pengurusan Sosial, Pengurusan Rohani, Model Kepimpinan, Umar Al-Khattab RA, Islamic Governance, Social Management, Spiritual Management, Leadership ModelAbstract
Kajian ini meneliti berkaitan konsep pemerintahan Islam berasaskan pengurusan sosial dan rohani dalam kepimpinan Umar al-Khattab RA sebagai kerangka pembinaan pemerintahan Islam masa kini. Walaupun banyak kajian mengenai kepimpinan Islam telah dilakukan, kajian khusus mengenai konsep pemerintahan yang menekankan nilai sosial dan rohani masih kurang mendapat perhatian. Sejarah membuktikan bahawa kepimpinan Umar al-Khattab RA berjaya menggabungkan prinsip cinta kepada Rasulullah SAW, keadilan, amanah, tauhid, dan kepatuhan kepada syariat Islam secara menyeluruh. Pendekatan ini telah menghasilkan sebuah pemerintahan yang aman, adil, harmoni, dan bebas daripada kezaliman. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk metod naratif dengan data sekunder yang dikumpulkan melalui kajian dokumen dan dianalisis secara kualitatif menggunakan analisis kandungan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa kerangka pengurusan sosial dan rohani dalam kepimpinan Umar al-Khattab RA terdiri daripada lima prinsip utama, empat ciri kepimpinan, dan dua kaedah pelaksanaan yang saling melengkapi. Kerangka ini dapat dijadikan panduan penting dalam pembinaan konsep pemerintahan Islam masa kini bagi menggantikan sistem ideologi Barat yang kurang berteraskan nilai rohani. Dengan mencontohi kerangka kepimpinan ini, diharapkan pemimpin Islam masa kini dapat mencapai kejayaan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat seperti yang telah dicapai pada zaman pemerintahan.
This study examines the concept of Islamic governance based on social and spiritual management in the leadership of Umar al-Khattab RA as a framework for building contemporary Islamic governance. While numerous studies on Islamic leadership have been conducted, specific research focusing on governance concepts that emphasize social and spiritual values has received comparatively less attention. History proves that the leadership of Umar al-Khattab RA successfully integrated the principles of love for the Prophet Muhammad SAW, justice, trustworthiness, monotheism, and comprehensive adherence to Islamic law. This approach resulted in a government that was peaceful, just, harmonious, and free from oppression. The study adopts a narrative method design, utilizing secondary data collected through document analysis, and qualitatively examined using content analysis. The findings reveal that the framework of social and spiritual management in the leadership of Umar al-Khattab RA comprises five core principles, four leadership traits, and two complementary implementation methods. This framework can serve as an important guideline in shaping a contemporary concept of Islamic governance to replace Western ideological systems that are less grounded in spiritual values. By emulating this leadership framework, it is hoped that present-day Muslim leaders can achieve societal success and well-being similar to that attained during his reign.
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